By any measure, the current structure of India–Russia trade is asymmetrical. In 2024–25, bilateral trade amounted to nearly US$70 billion, yet the balance is heavily skewed. India’s imports from Russia, dominated by crude oil, have surged…

By any measure, the current structure of India–Russia trade is asymmetrical. In 2024–25, bilateral trade amounted to nearly US$70 billion, yet the balance is heavily skewed. India’s imports from Russia, dominated by crude oil, have surged…